{"id":100718,"date":"2021-03-29T07:55:29","date_gmt":"2021-03-29T11:55:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sjcivil.com\/?p=100718"},"modified":"2024-04-01T06:12:04","modified_gmt":"2024-04-01T10:12:04","slug":"the-leonard-curves-another-tool-in-labor-loss-quantification","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sjcivil.com\/the-leonard-curves-another-tool-in-labor-loss-quantification\/","title":{"rendered":"The Leonard Curves: Another Tool in Labor Loss Quantification"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3 id=\"h-executive-summary\"><strong>Executive Summary<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Charles Leonard performed a study which resulted in the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/sjcivil.com\/terms\/#l\">Leonard Curves<\/a>. These curves may be a helpful tool to quantify your labor productivity loss due to cumulative impacts on your project.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border-radius: 12px;\" src=\"https:\/\/open.spotify.com\/embed\/episode\/15BsBtFYoDqTu97fmxfkk2?utm_source=generator\" width=\"100%\" height=\"152\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"h-the-deeper-dive\"><strong>The Deeper Dive<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Revay and Associates Limited out of Canada wrote a great comparison article between the Leonard Study of 1988 and other studies done by his contemporaries, then and now. This article you\u2019re reading now barely brushes the surface \u2013 go here for a deeper dive, but still at a summary level: [QR]\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-101918 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/sjcivil.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/qr-9-300x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" \/><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"h-when-do-i-use-these-curves\"><strong>When do I use these curves?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Use them when you have a lot of change orders on a job and you\u2019re trying to establish a link between the cumulative impact of these changes on your original base contract labor. Curves exist for civil\/architectural work and electrical\/mechanical work.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"h-show-me-the-math-and-how-to-use-it\"><strong>Show me the math and how to use it.<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>So, as you see in the example in the QR code link above, the author calculates a \u201cPercent Change Orders\u201d number of 43%. That then corresponds to a loss of labor productivity of 29%. And there you have it \u2013 your claim for 29% labor loss is quantified. You must use the equations below which are quite simple if you have the data.<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color\">The equations used by Mr. Leonard in the development of the curves:<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-vivid-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\">The blue equation below is the equation used above to generate the 43%.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-101917 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/sjcivil.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/equations-1024x318.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"318\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sjcivil.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/equations-1024x318.png 1024w, https:\/\/sjcivil.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/equations-980x305.png 980w, https:\/\/sjcivil.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/equations-480x149.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1024px, 100vw\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-color\">Use the green equations to develop the 29% number stated above.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"h-is-this-method-bulletproof\"><strong>Is this method bulletproof?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>No. No method is. No claims method is bulletproof and will guarantee you a win in dispute resolution or court. This is a tool to help convince your client that you were impacted.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"h-my-story\"><strong>My Story<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>I serve on a national committee with the ASCE (American Society of Civil Engineers) and we discuss claims and methodology of evaluating productivity loss. This was a recent one I thought I\u2019d present to you.<\/p>\n<p>As I\u2019ve stated in this ASCE committee, as a claims consultant, the best I can do is equate, using narrative and whatever data I can collect, the financial loss to my clients (and before that my own company). As contractors, we all know that we are impacted, but having tools like this to corroborate the position I\u2019m\/we\u2019re in can be priceless to at least get the client to come to the table and negotiate. Most times owners feel we carry contingency for these impacts, but the reality is we don\u2019t.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote\">\n<blockquote class=\"has-text-color has-vivid-red-color\"><p><strong>3% change is what contractors expect and can absorb with no labor productivity loss<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/figure>\n<p>What I found very interesting about Revay and Associates Limited\u2019s article was on page 5 \u2013 it discussed the owner\u2019s expectation of what a contractor can absorb in changes without being impacted versus what the data showed contractors could actually absorb. The statement by the author, Mr. McEniry, was that the data showed that contractors could absorb about 3% in change without being impacted (this was compared to 10% which is what many owners figured contractors \u201cexpect and plan\u201d for in changed work). So, next time you\u2019re in a negotiation with an owner and (s)he says you all plan for 10% changes in a job, everyone knows jobs have changes.\u201d You can say, \u201cno, I don\u2019t plan on 10% or 20% or whatever, usually we suffer zero impact on labor productivity up to about 3%, the rest is costing us money!\u201d<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"h-work-safe\"><strong>Work Safe!<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Bonus: here is the 1988 paper by Mr. Leonard. [QR]\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-101916 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/sjcivil.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/QR_bonus-300x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-button-center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sjcivil.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/2021.03.25-Leonard-Curves.pdf\" class=\"su-button su-button-style-flat\" style=\"color:#FFFFFF;background-color:#293a57;border-color:#212f46;border-radius:12px;-moz-border-radius:12px;-webkit-border-radius:12px\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"color:#FFFFFF;padding:0px 30px;font-size:22px;line-height:44px;border-color:#6a768a;border-radius:12px;-moz-border-radius:12px;-webkit-border-radius:12px;text-shadow:none;-moz-text-shadow:none;-webkit-text-shadow:none\"> Download The PDF<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<span class=\"et_bloom_bottom_trigger\"><\/span>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Executive Summary Charles Leonard performed a study which resulted in the\u00a0Leonard Curves. These curves may be a helpful tool to quantify your labor productivity loss due to cumulative impacts on your project. The Deeper Dive Revay and Associates Limited out of Canada wrote a great comparison article between the Leonard Study of 1988 and other [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":104682,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","iawp_total_views":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[302,41],"tags":[846,847,848,849,850,655,851],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The Leonard Curves: Another Tool in Labor Loss Quantification<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Charles Leonard performed a study that resulted in the\u00a0Leonard Curves. 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